The book cover is clean because it was originally used with the thin paper cover on. The thin paper has some stains in places. There are some pages with pencil lines, coloring, and highlighting, as shown in the photos. I used it several times as a university textbook. It has been stored at home for a long time, but it was carefully stored in a cool, dark storage room. The cover has aged well due to the passage of time, but the book inside is in good condition thanks to the cover♪ Thank you for your understanding regarding the above. Please forgive me for any oversights. m(_ _)m I think the condition is good, but since it is a rare old item, I have marked it as "slightly scratched or stained." I apologize to those who are looking for a perfect item, but please refrain from purchasing. m(_ _)m #University #HistoryDepartment #Textbook #Rare #FacultyOfLetters #KenryoAshikaga #NobuyoshiAoki #MakotoTakahashi #OldBooks 060706