This book provides new guidelines for "monozukuri" (manufacturing) and design in the future, which are based on digital technologies such as UI/UX design, DX, IoT, and the metaverse. While exploring the true meaning and possibilities of digital manufacturing using computers as meta-media, it suggests that "PX = Physical Transformation" is necessary in addition to "DX (Digital Transformation)" in order to preserve limited natural resources while processing unlimited human desires and realizing a rich society. It also proposes the industrial concept of "Ultra-Light Industry," which seeks to break away from the conventional material-centric industrial structure and explore new value creation utilizing digital technology. This book guides readers toward a fundamental shift in thinking, redesigning the inverted world by considering what to create with materials (physical) and what to create with software (digital).