The New Era of Foreign Workers Japan, facing an unprecedentedly rapid aging population and declining birthrate, is grappling with critical issues such as securing a workforce, maintaining the social security system, and sustaining local communities. Recently, the acceptance of immigrants and foreign workers has been discussed as a solution to these problems. This book examines foreign worker policies in Japan and around the world, explains the current situation, and considers the ideal foreign worker policies for opening a new era. The industrial sector, increasingly concerned about the prolonged stagnation of the Japanese economy, is actively leading the discussion on accepting foreign workers. On the other hand, the government's basic policy is to "accept foreign workers in specialized and technical fields as much as possible, but to carefully consider the acceptance of so-called unskilled workers." The author points out that this "dichotomous" thinking has its limits. Furthermore, the author questions the acceptance of information technology (IT) workers and care workers from developing countries. Instead of unilaterally absorbing talent formed abroad, the author argues for a vision of international human resource mobility and development, such as developing human resources, mainly in Asia, within all organizations and institutions in Japan, and having some of them return to their home countries.